THE PHENOMENON OF PEAK EXPERIENCES IN A. MASLOW’S THEORY

Abstract

This article examines the nature and phenomenological characteristics of “peak experiences” in the context of Abraham Maslow’s humanistic psychology. The relevance of this work stems from the need to study the resource states of the personality that ensure its selfactualization and mental health. This article reviews the research of key foreign and domestic scholars who have previously addressed this topic, grouping them by approaches. As a result, it has been established that despite the significant number of works on peak experiences, the phenomenological essence of this phenomenon, initiated by A. Maslow, remains insufficiently explored by the followers of his concept, who have prioritized researching the role of this phenomenon in various spheres of human life, paying insufficient attention to the essential characteristics of the category of “peak experiences,” which indicates a shift in focus from the theoretical description of the phenomenon of peak experiences to its applied study. Therefore, the aim of this article is to deepen theoretical conceptual understandings of the dynamics of higher states of consciousness – from fleeting “peak experience” to stable “plateau experiences.” An analysis of the essence of the phenomenon of peak experiences using the key dichotomy: D-cognition versus B-cognition, the transition from a deficient (D-cognition) to an existential (B-cognition) perception of reality. It is highlighted that such moments have a therapeutic effect, validating the meaning of life and stimulating creative potential. entific exploration of Maslow’s phenomenon of peak experiences. The study found that integrating peak experiences and plateau experiences into everyday life is a necessary condition for personal transformation – from fleeting bursts of happiness to a stable, existential understanding. In-depth conceptual insights into the dynamics of higher states of consciousness – from short-lived “peak experiences” to stable “plateau experiences.” The understanding of existential cognition (B-cognition) as a stable strategy for perceiving reality has been further developed, allowing the individual to maintain psychological integrity and life orientation in conditions of prolonged social turbulence. The findings of this article can be applied in psychological counseling and psychotherapy to develop techniques for activating clients’ resourceful states in overcoming personal crises and depressive states, as well as for enhancing overall resilience. The data obtained can serve as a foundation for developing training programs focused on emotional intelligence and the prevention of emotional burnout. The practical significance of the study is also determined by the possibility of implementing its results in the educational process of educational institutions and in the work of social workers, as well as in coaching practice to teach clients strategies for maintaining high productivity and emotional balance without the risk of psychological exhaustion.