WORK FEATURES WITH CHILDREN WITH DISORDERS OF THE EMOTIONAL STATE

Abstract

The article reveals the socio-psychological regularities of the formation of mental activity in childhood under the conditions of various styles of the educational process, which subsequently affect the child’s emotional and volitional sphere, and the individual typological regularities of the personality. The peculiarities of working with children with existing disorders of the emotional state are characterized. Education of emotions and feelings in a child should primarily serve the formation of a harmonious personality, and one of the indicators of this harmony is a certain ratio of intellectual and emotional development. Underestimation of this requirement, as a rule, leads to an exaggerated, one-sided development of some one quality, most often, intelligence, which we are currently observing in our time. With comprehensive interaction with the environment (a special place is occupied by the family environment) – an elementary system of children’s values and interests is formed, the ability to self-regulate develops, subordination of motives occurs – less important ones give way to priority ones. The child begins to be guided in his actions by moral (duty, self-respect, compassion), cognitive (curiosity, surprise, doubt) and aesthetic motives (sense of beauty). Fear of punishment and the desire to earn approval give way to social motives. Motives for achieving success, establishing contact with other people, and self-affirmation are gaining more and more importance. As a result of constant disharmonious relationships in the family environment: excessive criticism, demandingness, devaluation, conflicts, etc., the upbringing process loses its strength, stability, naturalness and consistency, children feel constant psychological pressure, discomfort, which interferes with healthy functioning in everyday life and the emergence of violations in emotional sphere. Therefore, it is important during the educational process to take into account the main components of the educational process for the harmonious formation of the personality in childhood and to help the child overcome difficulties by supporting him in a difficult moment.